Morton's Neuroma
What Is a Neuroma?
A neuroma is a thickening of nerve tissue that may develop in various parts of
the body. The most common neuroma in the foot is a Morton's neuroma, which
occurs at the base of the third and fourth toes. It is sometimes referred to as
an intermetatarsal neuroma. "Intermetatarsal" describes its location, in
the ball of the foot between the metatarsal bones (the bones extending from the
toes to the midfoot). Neuromas may also occur in other locations in the foot.
The thickening, or enlargement, of the nerve that defines a neuroma is the
result of compression and irritation of the nerve. This compression creates
swelling of the nerve, eventually leading to permanent nerve damage.
Symptoms of a Morton's Neuroma
If you have a Morton's neuroma, you will probably have one or more of these
symptoms where the nerve damage is occurring:
| Tingling, burning, or numbness |
| Pain |
| A feeling that something is inside the ball of the foot, or that there's a rise in the shoe or a sock is bunched up |
The progression of a Morton's neuroma often follows this pattern:
| The symptoms begin gradually. At first they occur only occasionally, when wearing narrow-toed shoes or performing certain aggravating activities. |
| The symptoms may go away temporarily by massaging the foot or by avoiding aggravating shoes or activities. |
| Over time the symptoms progressively worsen and may persist for several days or weeks. |
| The symptoms become more intense as the neuroma enlarges and the temporary changes in the nerve become permanent. |
What Causes a Neuroma?
Anything that causes compression or irritation of the nerve can lead to the
development of a neuroma. One of the most common offenders is wearing shoes that
have a tapered toe box, or high-heeled shoes that cause the toes to be forced
into the toe box.
People with certain foot deformities - bunions, hammertoes, or flatfeet are at
higher risk for developing a neuroma. Other potential causes are activities that
involve repetitive irritation to the ball of the foot, such as running or
racquet sports. An injury or other type of trauma to the area may also lead to a
neuroma.
Diagnosis
To arrive at a diagnosis, Dr. Campbell will obtain a thorough history of your
symptoms and examine your foot. During the physical examination, the doctor
attempts to reproduce your symptoms by manipulating your foot. Other tests may
be performed. X-Rays may be taken to evaluate any deformity of the
metatarsals. A diagnostic ultrasound may also be utilized to positively
identify the neuroma.
The best time to see Dr. Campbell is early in the development of symptoms. Early
diagnosis of a Morton's neuroma greatly lessens the need for more invasive
treatments and may avoid surgery.
The preceding is for informational purposes only. The material is derived from the current medical knowledge on the topics listed. The content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. This site does not provide medical advice. A special "thank you" is extended to the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons, as much of the information is derived from their literature and websites.